Blog / CMS on React Router v8, Postgres (Neon) and Clerk

import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/postgres-js";
import postgres from "postgres";

// Neon pooled endpoint = PgBouncer transaction mode → prepared statements off.
// ponytail: single module-level client; the serverless runtime + PgBouncer do
// the pooling, so no custom pool/globalThis singleton dance needed.
const client = postgres(process.env.DATABASE_URL!, { prepare: false });

export const db = drizzle({ client });

// ponytail: Clerk is hosted — set the publishable + secret keys in the env
// (React Router reads VITE_CLERK_PUBLISHABLE_KEY client-side; CLERK_SECRET_KEY
// server-side). ClerkProvider + rootAuthLoader pick them up automatically.

// Root route for React Router v8 (framework mode). <ClerkProvider> makes
// Clerk's hooks/components available client-side; rootAuthLoader hydrates the auth
// state from the request on the server; clerkMiddleware attaches the Auth object to
// the request context so protected loaders can gate via getAuth() — the RR7 analog
// of Next's clerkMiddleware proxy + auth.protect().
import { ClerkProvider } from "@clerk/react-router";
import { clerkMiddleware, rootAuthLoader } from "@clerk/react-router/server";
import type { LoaderFunctionArgs } from "react-router";
import { Outlet, useLoaderData } from "react-router";

// RR7 route middleware: runs on every request and populates Clerk's auth context.
// Protected routes call getAuth(args) in their loader and redirect signed-out users —
// equivalent gating to the Next branch's isProtectedRoute + auth.protect().
export const middleware = [clerkMiddleware()];

export async function loader(args: LoaderFunctionArgs) {
  return rootAuthLoader(args);
}

export default function Root() {
  const loaderData = useLoaderData<typeof loader>();
  return (
    <ClerkProvider loaderData={loaderData}>
      <Outlet />
    </ClerkProvider>
  );
}

// === file: app/db/schema.ts ===
import { relations, sql } from "drizzle-orm";
import {
  check,
  index,
  pgTable,
  primaryKey,
  text,
  timestamp,
  unique,
  uuid,
} from "drizzle-orm/pg-core";
// Better Auth owns identity; we only reference its `user` table by id.
import { user } from "./auth-schema";

export type PostStatus = "draft" | "published" | "archived";
export type CommentStatus = "pending" | "approved" | "spam";

/** Authored content with a draft -> published -> archived workflow. */
export const posts = pgTable(
  "posts",
  {
    id: uuid("id").primaryKey().defaultRandom(),
    slug: text("slug").notNull().unique(),
    title: text("title").notNull(),
    body: text("body").notNull(),
    // Better Auth's user.id is text — match it, don't recast.
    authorId: text("author_id")
      .notNull()
      .references(() => user.id, { onDelete: "cascade" }),
    status: text("status").$type<PostStatus>().notNull().default("draft"),
    // Set when status flips to 'published'; null while draft/archived.
    publishedAt: timestamp("published_at", { withTimezone: true }),
    createdAt: timestamp("created_at", { withTimezone: true })
      .notNull()
      .defaultNow(),
  },
  (t) => [
    index("idx_post_author").on(t.authorId),
    // Drives the public "latest published posts" feed query.
    index("idx_post_status_published").on(t.status, t.publishedAt),
    check(
      "posts_status_check",
      sql`${t.status} in ('draft','published','archived')`,
    ),
  ],
);

/** Editorial taxonomy: one category per post grouping (seed/editor-managed). */
export const categories = pgTable(
  "categories",
  {
    id: uuid("id").primaryKey().defaultRandom(),
    slug: text("slug").notNull().unique(),
    name: text("name").notNull(),
    createdAt: timestamp("created_at", { withTimezone: true })
      .notNull()
      .defaultNow(),
  },
  (t) => [index("idx_category_slug").on(t.slug)],
);

/** Free-form taxonomy attached to posts many-to-many via post_tags. */
export const tags = pgTable(
  "tags",
  {
    id: uuid("id").primaryKey().defaultRandom(),
    slug: text("slug").notNull().unique(),
    name: text("name").notNull(),
    createdAt: timestamp("created_at", { withTimezone: true })
      .notNull()
      .defaultNow(),
  },
  (t) => [index("idx_tag_slug").on(t.slug)],
);

/** post <-> tag join. The composite unique is the tagging identity. */
export const postTags = pgTable(
  "post_tags",
  {
    postId: uuid("post_id")
      .notNull()
      .references(() => posts.id, { onDelete: "cascade" }),
    tagId: uuid("tag_id")
      .notNull()
      .references(() => tags.id, { onDelete: "cascade" }),
  },
  (t) => [
    primaryKey({ columns: [t.postId, t.tagId] }),
    unique("post_tags_post_tag_unique").on(t.postId, t.tagId),
    index("idx_post_tags_tag").on(t.tagId),
  ],
);

/** Reader comments on posts with a moderation workflow. */
export const comments = pgTable(
  "comments",
  {
    id: uuid("id").primaryKey().defaultRandom(),
    postId: uuid("post_id")
      .notNull()
      .references(() => posts.id, { onDelete: "cascade" }),
    // Better Auth's user.id is text — match it, don't recast.
    authorId: text("author_id")
      .notNull()
      .references(() => user.id, { onDelete: "cascade" }),
    body: text("body").notNull(),
    status: text("status").$type<CommentStatus>().notNull().default("pending"),
    createdAt: timestamp("created_at", { withTimezone: true })
      .notNull()
      .defaultNow(),
  },
  (t) => [
    // Drives the per-post comment thread query.
    index("idx_comment_post").on(t.postId),
    check(
      "comments_status_check",
      sql`${t.status} in ('pending','approved','spam')`,
    ),
  ],
);

export const postsRelations = relations(posts, ({ one, many }) => ({
  author: one(user, { fields: [posts.authorId], references: [user.id] }),
  postTags: many(postTags),
  comments: many(comments),
}));

export const categoriesRelations = relations(categories, ({ many }) => ({
  posts: many(posts),
}));

export const tagsRelations = relations(tags, ({ many }) => ({
  postTags: many(postTags),
}));

export const postTagsRelations = relations(postTags, ({ one }) => ({
  post: one(posts, {
    fields: [postTags.postId],
    references: [posts.id],
  }),
  tag: one(tags, {
    fields: [postTags.tagId],
    references: [tags.id],
  }),
}));

export const commentsRelations = relations(comments, ({ one }) => ({
  post: one(posts, {
    fields: [comments.postId],
    references: [posts.id],
  }),
  author: one(user, { fields: [comments.authorId], references: [user.id] }),
}));

// === file: app/db/auth-schema.ts ===
import { pgTable, text, timestamp } from "drizzle-orm/pg-core";

// Local mirror of Clerk identity — the FK target app-type schemas reference as user.
// id = Clerk's user id, so existing user_id foreign keys resolve once the sync runs.
// This IS the auth-schema slot for Clerk cells: the SaaS schema's ./auth-schema FK
// target (src/db/auth-schema.ts) resolves here, same slot Better Auth's generated file fills.
export const user = pgTable("user", {
  id: text("id").primaryKey(), // = Clerk user id
  email: text("email"),
  firstName: text("first_name"),
  lastName: text("last_name"),
  imageUrl: text("image_url"),
  updatedAt: timestamp("updated_at", { withTimezone: true }), // staleness key (Clerk updated_at)
  createdAt: timestamp("created_at", { withTimezone: true }).notNull().defaultNow(),
});

import { and, eq, isNull, lt, or } from "drizzle-orm";
import { user } from "@/db/auth-schema";

export type ClerkUserEvent = {
  type: string;
  data: {
    id: string;
    email_addresses?: { email_address: string }[];
    first_name?: string | null;
    last_name?: string | null;
    image_url?: string | null;
    updated_at?: number;
  };
};

// Idempotent + concurrency-safe sync of a Clerk user into the local user table.
// Keyed on id (= Clerk id, the PK); the staleness guard lives in the UPDATE WHERE so
// a late/older event cannot clobber newer state. user.deleted removes the row.
export async function recordClerkEvent(
  // ponytail: loosely typed Drizzle client so the emitted core stays portable.
  db: any,
  event: ClerkUserEvent,
): Promise<{ changed: boolean }> {
  const d = event.data;
  if (event.type === "user.deleted") {
    const deleted = await db.delete(user).where(eq(user.id, d.id)).returning({ id: user.id });
    return { changed: deleted.length > 0 };
  }

  const email = d.email_addresses?.[0]?.email_address ?? null;
  const eventAt = new Date(d.updated_at ?? 0);
  const fields = {
    email,
    firstName: d.first_name ?? null,
    lastName: d.last_name ?? null,
    imageUrl: d.image_url ?? null,
    updatedAt: eventAt,
  };

  const updated = await db
    .update(user)
    .set(fields)
    .where(and(eq(user.id, d.id), or(isNull(user.updatedAt), lt(user.updatedAt, eventAt))))
    .returning({ id: user.id });
  if (updated.length > 0) return { changed: true };

  const [existing] = await db.select({ id: user.id }).from(user).where(eq(user.id, d.id)).limit(1);
  if (existing) return { changed: false };

  const inserted = await db
    .insert(user)
    .values({ id: d.id, ...fields })
    .onConflictDoNothing({ target: user.id })
    .returning({ id: user.id });
  return { changed: inserted.length > 0 };
}

// Clerk identity webhook for React Router v8 (framework mode). A resource
// route (no default component) — React Router invokes `action` for the POST. Clerk
// webhooks are svix: verify the signature, then hand the event to recordClerkEvent.
import type { ActionFunctionArgs } from "react-router";
import { Webhook } from "svix";
import { db } from "@/lib/db";
import { recordClerkEvent, type ClerkUserEvent } from "@/lib/identity/record";

const USER_EVENTS = new Set(["user.created", "user.updated", "user.deleted"]);

export async function action({ request }: ActionFunctionArgs) {
  const secret = process.env.CLERK_WEBHOOK_SECRET;
  if (!secret) return Response.json({ error: "Server misconfigured" }, { status: 500 });

  const raw = await request.text();
  const headers = Object.fromEntries(request.headers.entries());

  let event: ClerkUserEvent;
  try {
    event = new Webhook(secret).verify(raw, headers) as ClerkUserEvent;
  } catch {
    return Response.json({ error: "Invalid signature" }, { status: 403 });
  }

  if (USER_EVENTS.has(event.type)) await recordClerkEvent(db, event);
  return Response.json({ ok: true });
}

import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/postgres-js";
import postgres from "postgres";

// Serverless: one connection per (short-lived) instance; Neon's pooler multiplexes.
export const sql = postgres(process.env.DATABASE_URL!, { prepare: false, max: 1 });
export const db = drizzle(sql);

import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/postgres-js";
import postgres from "postgres";

// Long-running process: a real, reused pool. Still prepare:false on the pooled endpoint.
export const sql = postgres(process.env.DATABASE_URL!, { prepare: false, max: 10, idle_timeout: 20 });
export const db = drizzle(sql);

import { neon } from "@neondatabase/serverless";
import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/neon-http";

// Edge/Workers have NO TCP sockets, so postgres-js cannot run here. Neon's HTTP
// driver speaks Postgres over fetch — the only client that works on Workers.
export const sql = neon(process.env.DATABASE_URL!);
export const db = drizzle(sql);